{"id":718,"date":"2026-05-11T07:46:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T07:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/?p=718"},"modified":"2026-05-11T07:47:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T07:47:22","slug":"hay-tedder-complete-guide-when-why-how","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/hay-tedder-complete-guide-when-why-how\/","title":{"rendered":"Guia completo para espalhadores de feno: quando espalhar, t\u00e9cnicas e a regra de perda de folhas da alfafa"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/div>\n
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Field Operations Guide<\/div>\n

Hay Tedder Complete Guide: When to Ted, Crop-Specific Rules, and the Alfalfa Leaf-Loss Limit<\/h1>\n

A hay tedder accelerates drying and can recover a slow-drying cutting that would otherwise miss its weather window. Used on the wrong crop or at the wrong moisture, it causes leaf loss that cannot be recovered. This guide shows exactly when tedding helps, when it hurts, and how to get the settings right for each crop.<\/p>\n

Ask About Tedder Specifications<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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UM espalhador de feno<\/strong> is the tool that buys you time when the weather forecast is tighter than your normal curing schedule can accommodate. In the right conditions \u2014 dense, thick first-cut grass windrows on a warm but cloudy day \u2014 tedding can accelerate drying by 30 to 40% and allow baling 6 to 10 hours earlier than without it. In the wrong conditions \u2014 dry alfalfa below 40% moisture on a hot afternoon \u2014 the same operation causes more leaf loss than the 6 hours of drying time is worth. The decision of when to use a hay tedder<\/strong> is the most important operational choice in tedder management, and it is a decision that changes by crop type, day of the cutting, and weather conditions.<\/p>\n

What a Hay Tedder Does That Mowing Alone Cannot<\/h2>\n
\"hay<\/div>\n

When a mower cuts a dense stand of grass or alfalfa, the cut material falls into a flat mat on the ground. The top layer dries rapidly from sun and air contact, but the bottom layer \u2014 in contact with the soil surface and shaded by the material above \u2014 dries at a fraction of the surface rate. On heavy first-cut stands (above 3 tonnes dry matter per hectare), the bottom layer can remain above 60% moisture for 12 to 18 hours while the surface is below 30% \u2014 a dangerous situation where the forage baler<\/a> would be compressing wet and dry material simultaneously into a single bale.<\/p>\n

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Swath Cross-Section \u2014 Before and After Tedding (Front View)<\/div>\n
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\u2718 Untedded Flat Mat<\/div>\n
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Bottom layer: 55\u201370% moisture<\/span><\/div>\n

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Middle: 35\u201350% \u2014 slow drying<\/span><\/div>\n

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Top surface: 20\u201330% \u2014 drying fast<\/span><\/div>\n

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No air under mat \u26a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Moisture gradient: 20% top to 70% bottom. Baling requires waiting until bottom reaches target \u2014 6\u201312 extra hours.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2714 After Tedding \u2014 Fluffed Profile<\/div>\n
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Air channels \u2713<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
All material exposed to air. Moisture evens out to 30\u201340% across entire cross-section within 2\u20133 hours of tedding.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The mechanism is simple: the espalhador de feno<\/strong> lifts and throws the cut material using spring-steel or rubber-tipped tines rotating from a PTO-driven shaft, tumbling the flat mat into a loose, aerated windrow. Previous bottom material ends up on top or mixed through the cross-section, where it is exposed to sun and air. Previous top material may end up partially toward the bottom, but the key gain is the creation of air channels \u2014 gaps in the mat through which moisture-laden air can escape upward and dry air can enter from below.<\/p>\n

When to Ted and When to Skip It \u2014 Crop and Weather Decision Matrix<\/h2>\n
\"hay<\/div>\n

O hay tedding techniques<\/strong> decision starts with two questions: What crop am I tedding, and what are the drying conditions? The answers map to a consistent decision pattern that experienced operators apply instinctively \u2014 but which can be made explicit in a simple matrix for less experienced operators or for delegating field decisions to staff.<\/p>\n

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Tedding Decision Matrix \u2014 Weather Conditions \u00d7 Crop Type<\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Weather \/ Conditions<\/th>\nGrass Hay<\/th>\nAlfalfa (above 50% moisture)<\/th>\nAlfalfa (below 40% moisture)<\/th>\nMixed legume\/grass<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Cool, overcast, 4+ dry hrs ahead<\/td>\n\u2714 TED<\/td>\n\u2714 TED<\/td>\n\u26a0 WAIT<\/td>\n\u2714 TED<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Warm, sunny, low humidity<\/td>\n\u2714 TED<\/td>\n\u2714 TED (morning only)<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n\u26a0 Morning only<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hot afternoon (above 32\u00b0C)<\/td>\n\u26a0 OK \u2014 reduce speed<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
After light rain (<12mm), crop re-drying<\/td>\n\u2714 TED \u2014 speeds recovery<\/td>\n\u2714 TED after surface dries<\/td>\n\u26a0 Once surface dry<\/td>\n\u2714 TED after surface dries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Wind above 25 km\/h, dry<\/td>\n\u26a0 OK \u2014 risk of windrow scatter<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP \u2014 leaf shatter + scatter<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n\u2718 SKIP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\u2714 = Ted recommended \u00a0 \u26a0 = Conditional \u2014 check moisture first \u00a0 \u2718 = Skip \u2014 leaf loss risk exceeds drying benefit<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The Alfalfa Tedding Rule: Why Leaf Loss Limits Aggressiveness<\/h2>\n
\"hay<\/div>\n

Alfalfa is the crop where espalhador de feno<\/strong> management is most consequential \u2014 both in terms of the drying benefit when done correctly and the quality loss when done incorrectly. The critical variable is the moisture content of the alfalfa leaves at the time of tedding, specifically the moisture in the petiole (the small stem connecting the leaf to the main stem).<\/p>\n

At leaf moisture above 45 to 50%, the petiole is flexible and has significant bending resistance \u2014 tine contact causes the leaf to flex and spring back, retaining its attachment to the stem. At leaf moisture below 35 to 40%, the petiole is brittle and has minimal bending resistance \u2014 tine contact causes the leaf to fracture at the petiole node rather than flex, detaching the leaf from the stem. These detached leaves are small, dry, and lightweight; they scatter in the tedder\u2019s discharge pattern and are never recovered in the windrow.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Alfalfa Moisture at Tedding<\/th>\nExpected Leaf Loss<\/th>\nCP Impact<\/th>\nRecommendation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Above 60% moisture<\/td>\n<2%<\/td>\nNegligible<\/td>\nOptimal window \u2014 ted freely at 6\u20138 km\/h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45\u201360% umidade<\/td>\n2\u20135%<\/td>\nMinor (\u22120.3\u20130.8% CP)<\/td>\nAcceptable \u2014 reduce speed to 5\u20136 km\/h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35\u201345% moisture<\/td>\n5\u201310%<\/td>\nModerate (\u22121\u20132% CP)<\/td>\nMarginal \u2014 only if weather forces it; max 4 km\/h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Below 35% moisture<\/td>\n10\u201320%+<\/td>\nSevere (\u22122\u20134% CP)<\/td>\nDo not ted \u2014 quality loss exceeds any drying benefit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Leaf loss percentages from Wisconsin Extension and University of Minnesota field research. CP impact assumes 22% CP leaves vs 14% CP stems \u2014 leaf loss disproportionately reduces the protein fraction. Values assume standard tine speed; aggressive tines or high ground speed increase leaf loss at every moisture level.<\/p>\n

Where Tedding Fits in the Hay-Making Sequence<\/h2>\n

O espalhador de feno<\/strong> step occurs between mowing and raking \u2014 always after the crop has had an initial curing period on the ground and always before the rake consolidates the crop into a windrow. Tedding after raking re-opens a windrow that has already been formed, which reduces the raking efficiency of the pass that must follow. The correct sequence is:<\/p>\n

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Hay-Making Sequence With Tedding Step<\/div>\n
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Passo 1<\/div>\n
MOW<\/div>\n
Day 0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
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If needed<\/div>\n
Etapa 2<\/div>\n
TED<\/div>\n
Day 0 PM \u2013 Day 1 AM<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
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Etapa 3<\/div>\n
RAKE<\/div>\n
Day 1 \u2013 Day 1.5<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
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Passo 4<\/div>\n
BALE<\/div>\n
Day 2<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u2192<\/div>\n
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Step 5<\/div>\n
STORE<\/div>\n
Day 2 PM<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Timing rule for tedding:<\/strong> Ted as early as possible after mowing \u2014 ideally in the afternoon of the same mowing day while crop moisture is still above 60%. This maximizes the drying window available before raking the following morning. Tedding the next morning when crop moisture has already dropped to 40\u201350% reduces the window for moisture reduction before raking and risks operating near the leaf-shatter threshold on alfalfa.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Our 9FZ-2.0 Hydraulic Folding Tedder: Specifications and Workflow Fit<\/h2>\n
\"hay<\/div>\n

O Espalhador de lixo hidr\u00e1ulico dobr\u00e1vel 9FZ-2.0<\/a> is designed for operations where the tedder must work efficiently across the range of crop types and moisture conditions in a typical mixed hay program. The hydraulic fold system allows road transport at less than 3.0 m width without manual pin adjustment \u2014 reducing the time cost of moving between fields to under 2 minutes of hydraulic cycle time.<\/p>\n

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Largura de trabalho<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.0 m working \u2192 3.5 m tedded width effective<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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PTO Requirement<\/strong><\/p>\n

540 RPM rear PTO
\nTractor: \u226520 kW (27 HP) min<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Tine Type<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spring-steel bowed tines \u2014 self-cleaning on tangled crop<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Transport Width<\/strong><\/p>\n

<3.0 m folded \u2014 road-legal without permit<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Mounting<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cat I\/II 3-point hitch<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Velocidade de trabalho<\/strong><\/p>\n

5\u201310 km\/h (reduce to 5\u20136 km\/h on dry alfalfa)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The 9FZ-2.0 tine shaft is driven through a compact caixa de engrenagens de acionamento agr\u00edcola<\/a> that steps down the 540 RPM PTO input to the correct tine shaft speed for the 3-wheel rotor configuration \u2014 tine tip speed is the critical parameter that determines fluffing aggressiveness and leaf loss risk, and it is set at the gearbox rather than at the tractor throttle.<\/p>\n

Frequently Asked Questions: Hay Tedder Use and Technique<\/h2>\n
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\nHow fast should I run the tedder for grass hay vs alfalfa?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Grass hay: 8 to 10 km\/h at the higher end of the moisture range (above 50%); 6 to 8 km\/h when the crop is partially dry (30 to 50%). Grass leaves are firmly attached to stems and have a much higher fracture resistance than legume petioles at equivalent moisture \u2014 grass handles faster tedding speeds without significant leaf loss. Alfalfa: 6 to 8 km\/h when above 50% moisture; 4 to 6 km\/h between 40 and 50%; below 40% moisture, don\u2019t ted. The reduction in speed matters because tine tip speed decreases proportionally with ground speed on mechanical-drive tedders \u2014 lower ground speed = lower tine impact force = less petiole fracture even at the same moisture level.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\nCan I ted hay that has already been rained on during curing?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Yes \u2014 tedding after a rain event is one of the highest-value applications of a tedder. A flat swath that has been rained on and partially compressed against the soil surface will take significantly longer to re-dry than a tedded-open swath that allows air penetration throughout the mat. Ted as soon as the rain stops and the surface appears visually dry \u2014 typically 2 to 3 hours after light rain (under 12 mm) in warm conditions. Do not wait for the crop to fully surface-dry before tedding; the purpose of the post-rain tedding pass is to accelerate that drying, not to finish it. The one exception: do not ted rain-wetted alfalfa that is already at Stage 3 maturity or later in the cutting \u2014 the combination of wet-swollen petioles and tine impact after rain causes more leaf fracture than on fresh-cut alfalfa at the same moisture, because the wet-dry cycling has already weakened the petiole attachment.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\nDoes tedding cause soil contamination in the finished bale?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Tedding can increase soil contamination in the finished bale if the tines are set too close to the ground, particularly on soft or disturbed soil. The tines at working height should clear the soil surface by 2 to 4 cm on normal firm ground \u2014 this is sufficient to tumble the crop without contacting the soil. On soft fields (recently disturbed, high moisture content), raise the tine clearance to 4 to 6 cm and reduce speed to limit the depth that tine tip bounce reaches. The soil contamination risk from tedding is generally lower than from raking, because the tedder is handling the crop at a higher moisture content when the soil surface is more likely to be firm from dew rather than soft from rain. Check the tine height setting every season start \u2014 tine wear reduces tip clearance progressively and must be compensated by raising the height setting.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\nIs a tedder necessary if I have a mower-conditioner?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Not always \u2014 but the two tools serve different functions. A mower-conditioner (crimper or flail) disrupts the stem cuticle to accelerate stem moisture loss. A tedder physically repositions the crop to expose the underside of the swath to air and sunlight. On normal-density stands in warm, clear weather, a mower-conditioner alone is often sufficient \u2014 the 25 to 40% drying improvement from conditioning may provide enough schedule acceleration without needing to ted. Tedding becomes valuable when (1) the stand density is unusually high (heavy first cut or overgrown regrowth), (2) weather conditions are cool or overcast and every hour of drying time matters, or (3) a rain event has reset the curing clock and you need to recover drying time aggressively. Operations running a mower-conditioner on normal-weight cuttings in good weather typically only need to ted 20 to 40% of their cuttings annually.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\nCan I ted the same swath twice to speed drying further?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
One pass is almost always enough for grass hay. For alfalfa, a second tedding pass is generally not recommended because each additional tine contact on partially-dried alfalfa increases cumulative leaf loss \u2014 and by the time a second tedding pass would be considered (when the crop is at 40 to 55% moisture), the alfalfa is approaching the leaf-loss threshold described above. If the first tedding pass at high moisture was effective in opening the swath, additional passes do not significantly accelerate drying because the crop is already well-aerated. On heavy grass stands in very slow-drying conditions (cool, high humidity), two tedding passes separated by 3 to 4 hours at high moisture (above 50%) can provide additional drying acceleration \u2014 but even then, the marginal benefit of the second pass is roughly half that of the first.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n
\nWhat maintenance does the 9FZ-2.0 tedder need between seasons?+<\/span><\/summary>\n
Pre-season maintenance on the 9FZ-2.0 covers: (1) Inspect all spring-steel tines for cracking, bending beyond the designed curve, or tip wear. Replace in complete wheel sets to maintain balanced rotor loading \u2014 a single bent tine on a 6-tine wheel creates a vibration imbalance that accelerates bearing wear on the rotor hub. (2) Grease all rotor hub bearings \u2014 2 to 4 grease points per rotor depending on configuration. (3) Check the hydraulic fold cylinder seals for weeping. (4) Inspect the PTO driveline universal joints for play \u2014 replace any joint with lateral play above 2 to 3 mm. (5) Check gearbox oil level and inspect for metal particles that indicate bearing or gear wear. Full service takes 30 to 45 minutes on the 9FZ-2.0 and is best performed in late winter before the first cutting season.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

Ask About the 9FZ-2.0 Hay Tedder \u2014 Specifications and Tractor Compatibility<\/h2>\n
\"foragebaler.com<\/div>\n
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Hay Tedder Equipment \u2014 California Warehouse<\/p>\n

9FZ-2.0 Hydraulic Folding Tedder \u2014 Tractor HP and Hitch Category Confirmed Before Shipping<\/h3>\n

In stock at the California warehouse with same-day parts dispatch. Tractor 3-point hitch category and minimum HP verified before any order ships. Replacement tines, rotor bearings, and driveline components in stock year-round.<\/p>\n

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\u2714 Hydraulic Fold<\/strong>
\n<3.0 m road width, 2-min fold<\/span><\/div>\n
\u2714 Cat I\/II Hitch<\/strong>
\nFits 27+ HP tractors<\/span><\/div>\n
\u2714 Tine Kits In Stock<\/strong>
\nSame-day dispatch California<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Ask About Tedder Specifications<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Field Operations Guide Hay Tedder Complete Guide: When to Ted, Crop-Specific Rules, and the Alfalfa Leaf-Loss Limit A hay tedder accelerates drying and can recover a slow-drying cutting that would otherwise miss its weather window. Used on the wrong crop or at the wrong moisture, it causes leaf loss that cannot be recovered. This guide […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forage-baler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=718"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":722,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718\/revisions\/722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}