{"id":1093,"date":"2026-06-04T07:00:51","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T07:00:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/?p=1093"},"modified":"2026-06-04T07:00:51","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T07:00:51","slug":"hay-breeding-mares-pre-foaling-nutrition-low-potassium-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foragebaler.com\/tr\/hay-breeding-mares-pre-foaling-nutrition-low-potassium-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcreme ama\u00e7l\u0131 k\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in saman: Do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi beslenme ve g\u00fcvenlik"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/div>\n
Atlar\u0131n \u00dcreme Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2014 Do\u011fum \u00d6ncesi Saman Besin De\u011ferleri ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dcreme ama\u00e7l\u0131 k\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in saman: Do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi beslenme ve g\u00fcvenlik<\/h1>\n

K\u0131sraklar\u0131n do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki son 90 g\u00fcnde yedi\u011fi saman, kolostrum kalitesini, plasenta retansiyonu riskini ve s\u00fct \u00fcretimini belirler. \u0130ki fakt\u00f6r bask\u0131nd\u0131r: Potasyumun son 30 g\u00fcnde 1,5% kuru madde seviyesinin alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 gerekir (\u00e7o\u011fu yonca saman\u0131 bu e\u015fi\u011fi a\u015far) ve \u00e7ay\u0131r otunun do\u011fumdan 60-90 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce kesilmesi gerekir. Bu k\u0131lavuz, K-Ca mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131, trimesterlere g\u00f6re t\u00fcr trafik \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131srak pazar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck K'l\u0131 saman\u0131n nas\u0131l test edilece\u011fini ve \u00fcretilece\u011fini ele almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcr G\u00fcvenli\u011fi K\u0131lavuzuna bak\u0131n.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Son 90 G\u00fcn K\u0131srak Saman Y\u00f6netiminde Her \u015eeyi Neden De\u011fi\u015ftirdi?<\/h2>\n

K\u0131sraklar\u0131n 11 ayl\u0131k gebeli\u011finin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, saman y\u00f6netimi, hafif i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131ndaki herhangi bir yeti\u015fkin atla ayn\u0131 genel prensiplere uyar: yeterli protein, makul yem kalitesi ve dengeli mineraller. Do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki son 90 g\u00fcn ise temelde farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Fetal b\u00fcy\u00fcme e\u011frisi do\u011frusal de\u011fildir: tay\u0131n toplam do\u011fum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 65-701 tonluk k\u0131sm\u0131 son \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemde birikir ve bu da besin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n katlanarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6neme yol a\u00e7ar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n endokrin sistemi do\u011fum, kolostrum \u00fcretimi ve emzirme i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, diyetteki katyon dengesine -\u00f6zellikle de diyetteki potasyumun di\u011fer minerallere oran\u0131na- son derece duyarl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde saman se\u00e7iminin yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kalite fark\u0131na yol a\u00e7maz; s\u00fct\u00fc olmayan bir k\u0131sra\u011fa, acil veteriner m\u00fcdahalesi gerektiren plasenta retansiyonuna veya yetersiz pasif ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa sahip bir taya neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

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$800\u2013$2,500<\/div>\n
K\u0131srakta plasentan\u0131n rahimde kalmas\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 endometrit ve laminitis komplikasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in tipik veterinerlik maliyeti \u2014 bu komplikasyon, gebeli\u011fin son \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda ergovalin i\u00e7eren \u00e7ay\u0131r otu veya y\u00fcksek potasyumlu samanla beslenen k\u0131sraklarda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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<1.5%<\/div>\n
Beklenen do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki son 30 g\u00fcnde diyet kuru maddesinin y\u00fczdesi olarak hedeflenen diyet potasyumu (K) \u2014 \u00e7o\u011fu saf yonca saman\u0131 bu e\u015fi\u011fi a\u015fmaktad\u0131r (yonca tipik olarak 1,8\u20132,8% K), bu nedenle gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6neminde samandan al\u0131nan K'y\u0131 test etmek ve y\u00f6netmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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60-90 g\u00fcn<\/div>\n
S\u00fct yetersizli\u011fine, plasenta retansiyonuna ve zay\u0131f tay sendromuna neden olan ergovalin-prolaktin bask\u0131lama etkisini ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, beklenen do\u011fum tarihinden \u00f6nce t\u00fcm uzun \u00e7ay\u0131r otu saman\u0131 ve meralardan minimum bir s\u00fcre uzak durulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Bu makale, saman y\u00f6netimi kararlar\u0131 i\u00e7in beslenme bilgileri sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r; veteriner hekim ve at beslenme uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n tavsiyelerinin yerini tutmaz.<\/strong> Do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi k\u0131srak beslenmesi son derece bireyseldir: k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, v\u00fccut kondisyon puan\u0131, mevcut diyet bile\u015fimi, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu ve do\u011fum tarihi, ona uygun \u00f6zel \u00f6nerileri etkiler. Bu k\u0131lavuzdaki ilkeler ve e\u015fikler, at beslenmesi ara\u015ft\u0131rma literat\u00fcr\u00fcnden elde edilen g\u00fcncel en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 temsil etmektedir, ancak herhangi bir k\u0131srak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel y\u00f6netim plan\u0131, hayvan\u0131 tan\u0131yan bir veteriner hekim veya at beslenme uzman\u0131yla isti\u015fare edilerek geli\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Potasyum Sorunu: Do\u011fuma Yak\u0131n D\u00f6nemde Y\u00fcksek Potasyumlu Saman\u0131n Neden Tehlikeli Oldu\u011fu<\/h2>\n

\"Tarlada<\/p>\n

K\u0131sraklarda do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi hipokalsemi (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kan kalsiyumu) \u200b\u200bile diyet potasyumu aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131, atlar\u0131n do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi beslenmesinde en pratik \u00f6neme sahip ancak en az anla\u015f\u0131lan kavramlardan biridir. Mekanizma, pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc diyet mineralleri (ba\u015fl\u0131ca sodyum, potasyum) ve negatif y\u00fckl\u00fc mineraller (ba\u015fl\u0131ca klor\u00fcr, k\u00fck\u00fcrt) aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi \u00f6l\u00e7en diyet katyon-anyon fark\u0131 (DCAD) ile ilgilidir. DCAD g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde pozitif oldu\u011funda (klor\u00fcr ve k\u00fck\u00fcrte g\u00f6re y\u00fcksek potasyum ve sodyum), v\u00fccudun asit-baz d\u00fczenleyici sistemi, kritik do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde kemiklerden kalsiyumun hormonal olarak mobilize edilmesini engelleyecek \u015fekilde tepki verir.<\/p>\n

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Y\u00fcksek K'n\u0131n kalsiyum mobilizasyonunu neden bask\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair mekanizma<\/div>\n

Do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki g\u00fcnlerde, k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n paratiroid hormonu (PTH), kolostrum \u00fcretiminin muazzam kalsiyum ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kemik rezervlerinden kalsiyum sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tetiklemelidir. Y\u00fcksek K i\u00e7erikli samandan kaynaklanan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir DCAD (Dinamik Kalsiyum Alkalin Aktivasyon \u0130ndeksi), v\u00fccudu metabolik alkalozise do\u011fru hafif\u00e7e kayd\u0131r\u0131r; bu, dokular\u0131n PTH'ye verdi\u011fi yan\u0131t\u0131 k\u00f6relten alkali bir durumdur. Kalsiyum resept\u00f6rleri PTH sinyaline daha az verimli yan\u0131t verir ve k\u0131srak, kemik kalsiyum rezervlerini kolostrumun gerektirdi\u011fi h\u0131zda mobilize edemez. Sonu\u00e7: kan kalsiyumu d\u00fc\u015fer (hipokalsemi), kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc geli\u015fir, kolostrum kalsiyum konsantrasyonu d\u00fc\u015fer ve \u015fiddetli vakalarda k\u0131srak ayakta duramaz veya tay\u0131 emziremez. Ayn\u0131 mekanizma, y\u00fcksek K i\u00e7erikli ilkbahar otu t\u00fcketen s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlarda \"\u00e7im tetanisi\"ne ve y\u00fcksek verimli s\u00fct ineklerinde \"s\u00fct hummas\u0131\"na neden olur; atlardaki versiyonu daha az s\u0131kl\u0131kla bilinir ancak k\u0131sraklarda klinik olarak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Yayg\u0131n saman t\u00fcrlerinin potasyum i\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/div>\n
Yonca saman\u0131:<\/strong> 1,8\u20132,8% K \u2014 tipik olarak a\u015far<\/em> Tek ba\u015f\u0131na saman olarak verildi\u011finde 1,5% hedefi
\nK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca saman\u0131:<\/strong> 2.0\u20133.0% K \u2014 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek; gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6nemlerinde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u00c7ay\u0131r otu saman\u0131:<\/strong> 1.0\u20132.0% K (olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fken; test, partiye \u00f6zel)
\nTimothy otu:<\/strong> 0,8\u20131,5% K \u2014 genellikle hedef aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya hedef yak\u0131n\u0131nda
\nTeff otu saman\u0131:<\/strong> 0,8\u20131,4% K \u2014 s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck; m\u00fckemmel se\u00e7im
\nBermuda \u00e7imi saman\u0131:<\/strong> 0.9\u20131.8% K (de\u011fi\u015fken; test)
\nYerli ot saman\u0131:<\/strong> 0,6\u20131,2% K \u2014 tipik olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck
\nYonca-\u00e7im 50\/50 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> 1.3\u20132.0% K \u2014 test spesifik parti<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Anyonik takviye se\u00e7ene\u011fi:<\/strong> Do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki son 30 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck K i\u00e7erikli saman bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u00fcksek K i\u00e7erikli saman\u0131n alkalozu te\u015fvik edici etkisini k\u0131smen dengelemek i\u00e7in diyete anyonik tuzlar (amonyum klor\u00fcr, kalsiyum klor\u00fcr, magnezyum s\u00fclfat) eklenebilir ve bu da DCAD'yi negatife do\u011fru kayd\u0131rabilir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi s\u00fct inekleri programlar\u0131nda rutin olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve safkan ve performans at\u0131 yeti\u015ftirme programlar\u0131nda at beslenme uzmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan giderek daha fazla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Lezzet, en b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u00f6netim zorlu\u011fudur: anyonik tuzlar ac\u0131d\u0131r ve k\u0131sraklar genellikle yeme eklendi\u011finde al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131rlar. Y\u00fcksek K i\u00e7erikli samanla beslenen bir k\u0131srak i\u00e7in anyonik takviye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, uygun dozlama ve lezzet y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in bir at beslenme uzman\u0131 veya veteriner hekimle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn; yanl\u0131\u015f dozlama, \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alkaloz kadar zararl\u0131 olan metabolik asidoza neden olur.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u00c7ay\u0131r Otu Saman\u0131 ve Gebe K\u0131sraklar: Pazarl\u0131k Edilemez Bir Geri \u00c7ekme \u015eart\u0131<\/h2>\n

Zehirli endofit ile enfekte olmu\u015f tarlalardan elde edilen uzun yaprakl\u0131 \u00e7im saman\u0131 (Ewichlo\u00eb coenophiala<\/em>Zehirli \u00e7ay\u0131r otu (FD) at yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde en iyi belgelenmi\u015f \u00fcreme tehlikelerinden biridir. Endofit taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen ergovalin, s\u00fct \u00fcretimini, kolostrum salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve normal do\u011fumda yer alan \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcre\u00e7leri tetikleyen hormon olan prolaktini bask\u0131lar. Gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6neminde zehirli \u00e7ay\u0131r otuyla beslenen k\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lar klinik olarak ciddidir ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla acil veteriner m\u00fcdahalesi gerektirir. Kentucky \u00dcniversitesi ve di\u011fer at ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 programlar\u0131, bu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 birden fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma pop\u00fclasyonunda tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde belgelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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AGALACTIA
\nS\u00fct yok<\/span><\/div>\n
Do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda kolostrum veya s\u00fct\u00fcn tamamen veya neredeyse tamamen \u00fcretilememesi.<\/strong> Ergovalin, meme bezine s\u00fct ve kolostrum salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sinyal veren hormon olan prolaktin \u00fcretimini bask\u0131lar. S\u00fct \u00fcretmeyen bir k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n do\u011furdu\u011fu tay, kolostrumdan yetersiz imm\u00fcnoglobulin (IgG) al\u0131r ve bu da onu septisemi, solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer yenido\u011fan rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131r. Acil m\u00fcdahale: Don\u00f6r bir k\u0131sraktan veya ticari at kolostrum bankas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan kolostrum, ya\u015fam\u0131n ilk 6-12 saati i\u00e7inde verilmelidir. Acil kolostrum temin maliyeti: \u00c7o\u011fu b\u00f6lgede $150\u2013$400.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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TUTULAN PLASENTA<\/div>\n
Do\u011fumdan sonraki 3 saat i\u00e7inde plasentan\u0131n at\u0131lamamas\u0131.<\/strong> Kentucky \u00dcniversitesi'nden yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, zehirli \u00e7ay\u0131r otuyla beslenen k\u0131sraklarda plasenta retansiyon oran\u0131n\u0131n -501, temiz yemle beslenen kontrol k\u0131sraklar\u0131nda ise %2-51 oldu\u011funu belgeledi. Plasenta retansiyonu, endometrit (rahim enfeksiyonu), sistemik toksin zehirlenmesi ve ikincil bir sonu\u00e7 olarak endotoksin emiliminden kaynaklanan laminitise yol a\u00e7ar. Bu, oksitosin tedavisi, manuel \u00e7\u0131karma yard\u0131m\u0131, sistemik antibiyotikler ve antiinflamatuar ila\u00e7 gerektiren veterinerlik acil bir durumdur. Toplam tedavi maliyeti: minimum 1.500-1.500 TL.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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UZUN S\u00dcREL\u0130 GEBEL\u0130K<\/div>\n
Gebelik s\u00fcresi normal s\u00fcrenin (320-360 g\u00fcn) 10-20 g\u00fcn \u00fczerinde uzad\u0131.<\/strong> Uzun s\u00fcren gebeliklerden do\u011fan taylar genellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ve (paradoksal olarak) fiziksel olarak olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f olurlar; eklem esnekli\u011fi azalm\u0131\u015f, emme refleksi zay\u0131f ve n\u00f6rolojik olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f (zay\u0131f tay sendromu) olurlar. Uzun s\u00fcren gebelik ayr\u0131ca obstetrik m\u00fcdahale gerektiren do\u011fum g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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60-90 g\u00fcnl\u00fck para \u00e7ekme kural\u0131 \u2014 zamanlama neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/div>\n

Ergovalinin prolaktin \u00fczerindeki etkisi anl\u0131k de\u011fildir; haftalarca s\u00fcren maruz kalma sonucunda birikir ve kaynak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra yava\u015f\u00e7a temizlenir. Beklenen do\u011fum tarihinden 60 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ay\u0131r otundan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak, ergovalinin sistemden temizlenmesi ve kolostrum \u00fcretimi ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce prolaktin seviyelerinin normale d\u00f6nmesi i\u00e7in yeterli zaman sa\u011flar. \u00c7o\u011fu at veteriner hekimi, \u00e7ay\u0131r otuyla ilgili sorun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan k\u0131sraklar, 15 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki k\u0131sraklar veya ilk do\u011fumunu yapan k\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in daha ihtiyatl\u0131 bir s\u00fcre olarak 90 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nermektedir. Bu geri \u00e7ekme hem \u00e7ay\u0131r otu hem de \u00e7ay\u0131r otu i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir; her iki kaynak da \u00f6nemli konsantrasyonlarda ergovalin i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Yeni endofit \u00e7im t\u00fcr\u00fc \u2014 temkinli yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00f6nerilir<\/div>\n

Yeni endofitli \u00e7ay\u0131r otu \u00e7e\u015fitleri (MaxQ ve di\u011ferleri) ergovalin \u00fcretmez ve kontroll\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda toksik endofitli \u00e7ay\u0131r otuyla ili\u015fkili klasik \u00fcreme komplikasyonlar\u0131na neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, \u00e7o\u011fu at veteriner hekimi, do\u011fuma yak\u0131n bir d\u00f6nemde \u00f6nlem olarak t\u00fcm \u00e7ay\u0131r otu samanlar\u0131ndan (yeni endofitli \u00e7e\u015fitler de dahil olmak \u00fczere) 60 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir \u00e7ekilme s\u00fcresi \u00f6nermektedir. Bunun nedeni: \u00fcreme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan riskler y\u00fcksektir, temiz alternatifleri olan bir samanda \u00e7ekilmenin maliyeti yoktur ve yeni endofit kaynakl\u0131 saman \u00f6nerilerine olan g\u00fcven marj\u0131 mutlak de\u011fildir. K\u0131sraklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve saman tedarik durumunuzla ilgili \u00f6zel rehberlik i\u00e7in veteriner hekiminize dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Otlar\u0131n Yeti\u015ftirilme G\u00fcvenli\u011fi (\u00dc\u00e7 Ayl\u0131k D\u00f6nemlere G\u00f6re): Trafik I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u0131lavuzu<\/h2>\n

K\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in saman \u00f6nerilerinin tamam\u0131 11 ayl\u0131k gebelik s\u00fcresi boyunca ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. K maddesiyle ilgili endi\u015fe esas olarak gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6nemlerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar; \u00e7ay\u0131r otundan (fescue) gebelik boyunca ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r; baz\u0131 baklagillerin kalite avantajlar\u0131 gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6nemlerinden ziyade erken d\u00f6nemlerinde daha belirgindir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemlere g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f k\u0131lavuz, en yayg\u0131n olarak bulunan saman t\u00fcrlerinin her biri i\u00e7in \u00f6zel rehberlik sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Saman t\u00fcrleri<\/th>\nGebeli\u011fin erken-orta d\u00f6nemi
\n1-7. Aylar<\/span><\/th>\n		Gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6nemi
\n8-10. Aylar<\/span><\/th>\n		Son 30 g\u00fcn
\nDo\u011fum \u00f6ncesi<\/span><\/th>\n		Emzirme
\nDo\u011fum sonras\u0131<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Timothy saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130 (test K)<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Teff otu saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 TERC\u0130H ED\u0130LEN<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bermuda \u00e7imi saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u26a0 TEST K<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ay\u0131r otu saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u26a0 K TEST\u0130NE MUTLAKA BA\u015eVURUN<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yonca saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u26a0 MON\u0130T\u00d6R K<\/td>\n\u26a0 TEST \u2014 s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n veya kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n<\/td>\n\u2713 M\u00dcKEMMEL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yerli ot saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u2713 G\u00dcVENL\u0130<\/td>\n\u26a0 Protein takviyesi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yonca saman\u0131<\/td>\n\u26a0 D\u0130KKAT (slaframin)<\/td>\n\u2717 KA\u00c7ININ (y\u00fcksek K)<\/td>\n\u2717 KA\u00c7ININ<\/td>\n\u26a0 S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kullan\u0131m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zehirli \u00e7ay\u0131r otu (KY-31)<\/td>\n\u2717 Gebelikten tamamen ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n<\/td>\n\u2717 KA\u00c7ININ<\/td>\n\u2717 KES\u0130NL\u0130KLE HAYIR<\/td>\n\u2717 KA\u00c7ININ (s\u00fct\u00fc etkiler)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Gebeli\u011fin Son D\u00f6neminde Yonca: Pratik Denge<\/h2>\n

\"Yuvarlak<\/p>\n

Gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6neminde yonca kullan\u0131m\u0131 sorusu, k\u0131srak sahipleri ve saman \u00fcreticileri aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir belirsizlik yarat\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc cevab\u0131 olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k. Yonca, gebeli\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ve emzirme d\u00f6neminde k\u0131sraklar i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir saman t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr; kalsiyum i\u00e7eri\u011fi (1,2\u20132,0%) k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n kemik kalsiyum mobilizasyonunu ve kolostrum \u00fcretimini desteklerken, protein i\u00e7eri\u011fi (18\u201324% CP) fet\u00fcs\u00fcn geli\u015fimini destekler. As\u0131l endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131, kalsiyum mobilizasyonunda DCAD etkisinin en kritik oldu\u011fu do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki son 30 g\u00fcn ve potasyum i\u00e7eri\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

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A\u015famal\u0131 pratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/div>\n
1-7. Aylar (erken\/orta gebelik d\u00f6nemi):<\/strong> Yonca, birincil veya k\u0131smi saman kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak uygundur. Bu a\u015famada K konusunda endi\u015fe yok. CP ve Ca, erken fetal geli\u015fimi destekler.
\n8-10. aylar (gebelik d\u00f6neminin son evresi):<\/strong> Saf yoncadan yonca- \u00e7im kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131n. \u0130yi y\u00f6netilen bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m genellikle 1,3\u20131,8% K de\u011ferinde test edilir; bu de\u011fer kabul edilebilir aral\u0131kta veya yak\u0131n\u0131ndad\u0131r. Belirli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n K de\u011ferini, ona g\u00fcvenmeden \u00f6nce test edin.
\nSon 30 g\u00fcn (do\u011fumdan \u00f6nce):<\/strong> M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse saf \u00e7im saman\u0131 (timothy, teff, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck K i\u00e7erikli test edilmi\u015f \u00e7ay\u0131r otu) tercih edilir. Yonca-\u00e7im kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n K de\u011feri 1,5%'nin alt\u0131nda ise, veteriner hekimin g\u00f6zetiminde kullan\u0131lmaya devam edilebilir. 2,0\u20132,8% K de\u011ferindeki saf yonca, son 30 g\u00fcn i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na saman olarak genellikle \u00f6nerilmez.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Do\u011fum sonras\u0131 yonca: m\u00fckemmel bir se\u00e7im<\/div>\n

K\u0131srak do\u011fum yapt\u0131ktan sonra, potasyum k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 endi\u015fesi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azal\u0131r. S\u00fct veren k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n muazzam enerji ve kalsiyum ihtiyac\u0131, yonca otunu do\u011fum sonras\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir saman se\u00e7ene\u011fi haline getirir; y\u00fcksek ham protein i\u00e7eri\u011fi s\u00fct proteinini destekler, y\u00fcksek kalsiyum i\u00e7eri\u011fi k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi litre ba\u015f\u0131na 4-6 gram kalsiyumu destekler ve y\u00fcksek enerji yo\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131sra\u011f\u0131n emzirme d\u00f6nemi boyunca v\u00fccut kondisyonunu korumas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. K\u0131sraklar\u0131 do\u011fum sonras\u0131 uzun s\u00fcre ot saman\u0131yla besleyen i\u015fletmelerde, k\u0131sraklar\u0131n en y\u00fcksek s\u00fct \u00fcretiminin kalori gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layacak kadar ot saman\u0131 t\u00fcketemedikleri i\u00e7in kondisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Do\u011fumdan sonraki ilk hafta i\u00e7inde yonca-ot kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na veya saf yonca otuna ge\u00e7i\u015f, \u00e7o\u011fu k\u0131srak i\u00e7in uygun bir y\u00f6netim \u015feklidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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K\u0131srak Beslenmesi \u0130\u00e7in Yem Testi: Ne Sipari\u015f Edilmeli ve Ne Zaman?<\/h2>\n

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r saman\u0131 i\u00e7in sipari\u015f edilen standart yem testi (CP, ADF, NDF, TDN), gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6neminde saman\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini belirleyen mineral de\u011ferlerini i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in k\u0131srak saman\u0131 y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in yetersizdir. Potasyum \u00f6zel olarak talep edilmelidir; NFTA sertifikal\u0131 laboratuvarlar taraf\u0131ndan sunulan hi\u00e7bir standart panelde yer almamaktad\u0131r. Ek mineral testleri, standart bir panele yakla\u015f\u0131k $15\u2013$25 ekler ve son 90 g\u00fcnl\u00fck y\u00f6netim d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in gerekli bilgileri sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

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Dam\u0131zl\u0131k k\u0131srak saman\u0131 i\u00e7in minimum panel<\/div>\n