\n| \u00d6rt\u00fc bitkileri (\u00e7avdar, yulaf)<\/td>\n | Bar T\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n | \u00d6rt\u00fc bitkisi materyali hacimli ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r; \u00e7ubuklu t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131rma hareketi, V-t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n yanal s\u00fcp\u00fcrme hareketine g\u00f6re bunu daha iyi halleder.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n T\u0131rm\u0131k Tipine G\u00f6re \u0130\u015fletme Maliyeti Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Uzun Vadeli Yat\u0131r\u0131m Getirisi<\/h2>\nSat\u0131n alma fiyat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, \u00fc\u00e7 t\u0131rm\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletme maliyet yap\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Toplam sahip olma maliyetini (ilk yat\u0131r\u0131m, y\u0131ll\u0131k bak\u0131m, yedek par\u00e7alar ve i\u015f\u00e7ilik) anlamak, tar\u0131msal a\u00e7\u0131dan birden fazla t\u00fcr\u00fcn i\u015fe yarayabilece\u011fi i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in se\u00e7im karar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n \n \n V-Rake y\u0131ll\u0131k maliyetleri<\/div>\n \n- Di\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirme:<\/strong> $150\u2013$400 lastiklerini her 2-3 sezonda bir tekerlek ba\u015f\u0131na tam bir set olarak kullan\u0131n; t\u00fcm tekerlekleri ayn\u0131 sezonda de\u011fi\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n
- G\u00f6bek yata\u011f\u0131 servisi:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u2014 tekerlek g\u00f6beklerinde her 2 sezonda bir kontrol edilmesi gereken kapal\u0131 rulmanlar bulunur.<\/li>\n
- \u00c7er\u00e7eve incelemesi:<\/strong> Ta\u015f\u0131ma\/i\u015flem ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131nda yorulma \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u0131ll\u0131k kontrol.<\/li>\n
- T\u0131rm\u0131k fonksiyonu i\u00e7in yak\u0131t maliyeti yoktur.<\/strong> \u2014 Yerden tahrikli tasar\u0131m, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda trakt\u00f6r\u00fcn PTO beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc hi\u00e7 kullanmaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
\n Bar Rake y\u0131ll\u0131k maliyetleri<\/div>\n \n- Di\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirme:<\/strong> Yayl\u0131 t\u0131rm\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131 b\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde veya k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tek tek de\u011fi\u015ftirilir; $200\u2013$500 model komple set her 3-5 sezonda bir de\u011fi\u015ftirilir.<\/li>\n
- Tekerlek rulman\u0131 servisi:<\/strong> V-t\u0131rm\u0131ktan daha s\u0131k \u2014 \u00e7ubuk t\u0131rm\u0131k tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda t\u0131rm\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131 zemine daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temas eder.<\/li>\n
- Ta\u015f\u0131ma ba\u011flant\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7ekme ve ta\u015f\u0131ma pivot noktalar\u0131, t\u0131rmalama hareketinin yanal kuvvetleri alt\u0131nda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Yak\u0131t maliyeti:<\/strong> Yerden tahrikli ise minimum; PTO tahrikli ise orta d\u00fczeyde.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
\n Yatay T\u0131rm\u0131k y\u0131ll\u0131k maliyetleri<\/div>\n \n- \u015eanz\u0131man bak\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> PTO tahrikli \u015fanz\u0131man\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f de\u011fi\u015fimi; her 2 sezonda bir di\u015fli a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fc.<\/li>\n
- Di\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirme:<\/strong> A\u011f\u0131r mahsullerden kaynaklanan darbe y\u00fcklemesi, t\u0131rm\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131nda yorulma k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131na neden olur; yo\u011fun kullan\u0131lan bir \u00fcnite i\u00e7in sezon ba\u015f\u0131na $300\u2013$600 adet b\u00fct\u00e7e ay\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Rotor yatak bak\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> Ana rotor yataklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k olarak kontrol edilmesi ve periyodik olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n
- Yak\u0131t maliyeti:<\/strong> PTO g\u00fc\u00e7 talebi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar; karadan tahrikli alternatiflere k\u0131yasla saatte 5-10 litre yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimine neden olur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Yaprak tutma \u00f6zelli\u011finin kalite de\u011feri:<\/strong> Y\u00fcksek kaliteli s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri veya ihracat pazarlar\u0131na yonca satan i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in, daha iyi yaprak tutma \u00f6zelli\u011finden kaynaklanan kalite primi, daha ucuz bir \u00e7ubuklu t\u0131rm\u0131k alternatifine k\u0131yasla bile V-t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek sat\u0131n alma fiyat\u0131n\u0131 hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilir. 300 ton\/y\u0131l y\u00fcksek kaliteli yoncada $160\/ton'luk kuru madde yaprak kayb\u0131ndaki 3%'lik fark, $1.440\/y\u0131l'l\u0131k kalite de\u011ferinin korunmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k t\u0131rm\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca, bu da $14.400 ek kalite de\u011feri anlam\u0131na gelir ki bu da V-t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n benzer bir \u00e7ubuklu t\u0131rm\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6re tipik fiyat primini rahatl\u0131kla a\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n Saman T\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7e\u015fitleri Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n\n \nV \u015feklinde t\u0131rm\u0131k, ot toplama ve t\u0131rm\u0131klama i\u015flerinde birlikte kullan\u0131labilir mi?+<\/span><\/summary>\nStandart V-t\u0131rm\u0131klar, otlar\u0131 yaymak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, birle\u015ftirmek ve s\u0131ra olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. V \u015fekli, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc geni\u015f bir alana da\u011f\u0131tmak yerine, do\u011fal olarak merkeze do\u011fru toplar. Baz\u0131 V-t\u0131rm\u0131k \u00fcreticileri, tekerlek a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n tersine \u00e7evrildi\u011fi ve saman\u0131 i\u00e7eri do\u011fru de\u011fil d\u0131\u015far\u0131 do\u011fru iten bir \"yayma\" modu sunar, ancak bu bir uzla\u015fma i\u015flevidir ve \u00f6zel bir ot yayma makinesi veya yayma modundaki bir \u00e7ubuk t\u0131rm\u0131k kadar etkili de\u011fildir. Tek bir makineden hem ot yayma hem de s\u0131ra olu\u015fturma gerektiren i\u015flemler i\u00e7in, tersine \u00e7evrilebilir tekerlek d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sahip bir \u00e7ubuk t\u0131rm\u0131k (bir\u00e7ok modern tasar\u0131mda mevcuttur) daha \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir se\u00e7imdir. Yoncada maksimum yaprak tutma \u00f6nceli\u011finiz ise, V-t\u0131rm\u0131k daha iyi bir se\u00e7imdir ve ayr\u0131 bir ot yayma makinesi yayma i\u015flevini \u00fcstlenir. \u0130\u015flevleri tek bir makinede birle\u015ftirmek uzla\u015fmalar gerektirir; hangi i\u015flevin \u00f6nceli\u011finiz oldu\u011funu bilin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n \nTarla geni\u015fli\u011fim i\u00e7in V-t\u0131rm\u0131k ka\u00e7 adet parmak tekerle\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar?+<\/span><\/summary>\nTekerlek say\u0131s\u0131, V-t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n toplam \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma geni\u015fli\u011fini belirler. Her bir parmak tekerle\u011fi, tekerlek \u00e7ap\u0131na ve t\u0131rm\u0131k uzunlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tipik olarak 1,2\u20131,5 metre geni\u015fli\u011finde bir alan\u0131 kapsar. 9 tekerlekli bir V-t\u0131rm\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 9\u201311 metre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma geni\u015fli\u011fini kapsar; 12 tekerlekli bir model ise 12\u201315 metreyi kapsar. Do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma geni\u015fli\u011fi, bi\u00e7me geni\u015fli\u011finize ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: t\u0131rm\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma geni\u015fli\u011fi, tek bir t\u0131rm\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015finde bi\u00e7ilen t\u00fcm mahsul\u00fc t\u0131rm\u0131klanmam\u0131\u015f \u015feritler b\u0131rakmadan toplamak i\u00e7in, ge\u00e7i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na toplam bi\u00e7me geni\u015fli\u011fine e\u015fit veya biraz daha fazla olmal\u0131d\u0131r. 9 metrelik bir bi\u00e7me makinesi kombinasyonu i\u00e7in, 9 tekerlekli bir V-t\u0131rm\u0131k genellikle minimumdur; 12 tekerlekli bir model, ara s\u0131ra ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi veya r\u00fczgardan kaynaklanan s\u0131ra yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi i\u00e7in ek bir pay sa\u011flar. Birim alan ba\u015f\u0131na gereken t\u0131rm\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015f say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in t\u0131rm\u0131k geni\u015fli\u011fini bi\u00e7me sisteminizin geni\u015fli\u011fiyle e\u015fle\u015ftirin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n \nT\u0131rm\u0131klama i\u015fleminde hangi h\u0131zda ilerlemeliyim ve h\u0131z yaprak d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini etkiler mi?+<\/span><\/summary>\nEvet, yer h\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6zellikle V-t\u0131rm\u0131k kullan\u0131m\u0131nda yaprak kayb\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler. Daha y\u00fcksek h\u0131z, (yerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan) parmak tekerleklerinin a\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r; bu da t\u0131rm\u0131k ucu h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u0131rm\u0131klar\u0131n kuru yapraklarla temas etme kuvvetini art\u0131r\u0131r. V-t\u0131rm\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n etkileri \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, optimum aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki h\u0131zlarda yaprak kayb\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Yonca i\u00e7in optimum h\u0131z aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, mahsul\u00fcn nemine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 6-10 km\/saat (4-6 mil\/saat) aras\u0131ndad\u0131r; daha kuru mahsul daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z gerektirir. 12 km\/saatin \u00fczerinde, kuru yoncada yaprak kayb\u0131, t\u0131rm\u0131k y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ayar\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u00f6nemli hale gelir. Ot saman\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u0131z hassasiyeti daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ot saplar\u0131 daha esnektir ve t\u0131rm\u0131k temas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan yaprak k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na daha az e\u011filimlidir. Yer h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 bir kald\u0131ra\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131n: Mahsul en kuru halindeyken son t\u0131rm\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015finde yava\u015flay\u0131n ve mahsul hala daha y\u00fcksek nem i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahipken ilk t\u0131rm\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015finde daha y\u00fcksek h\u0131za tolerans g\u00f6sterebilirsiniz.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n \nYonca otunu sabah m\u0131 yoksa \u00f6\u011fleden sonra m\u0131 t\u0131rm\u0131klamal\u0131y\u0131m?+<\/span><\/summary>\nYapraklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zamanlama \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Sabah t\u0131rm\u0131klama \u2013 yaprak y\u00fczeyindeki \u00e7i\u011f kuruduktan sonra (genellikle 9-11 aras\u0131) ancak \u00f6\u011fleden sonraki en y\u00fcksek kuruma zaman\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u2013 bitki neminin 18-221 TP5T aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ve yaprak d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini en aza indirdi\u011fi bir zaman dilimi sa\u011flar. S\u0131cak ve kuru bir g\u00fcnde \u00f6\u011fleden sonra t\u0131rm\u0131klama, bitki nemini 141 TP5T'nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek yaprak kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir. \u0130stisna, \u00f6zellikle kuruma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in t\u0131rm\u0131klama yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa ge\u00e7erlidir \u2013 g\u00fcne\u015fli bir g\u00fcnde \u00f6\u011fleden sonra erken saatlerde t\u0131rm\u0131klama veya ot toplama, kuruma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Karar, kuruma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rman\u0131z (\u00f6\u011fleden sonra daha iyidir) veya yaprak kayb\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmeniz (\u00e7i\u011fden sonra ge\u00e7 sabah daha iyidir) gerekip gerekmedi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Kalitenin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu birinci s\u0131n\u0131f yonca i\u00e7in, zamanlama esnekli\u011finiz varsa her zaman \u00f6\u011fleden sonra t\u0131rm\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re ge\u00e7 sabah t\u0131rm\u0131klamay\u0131 tercih edin.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n \nV-\u015fekilli t\u0131rm\u0131k u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekir ve a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f u\u00e7lar\u0131n belirtileri nelerdir?+<\/span><\/summary>\nV-t\u0131rm\u0131k di\u015flerinin \u00f6mr\u00fc, toprak a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na, sezon ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fcr\u00fcn hacmine ve zemin h\u0131z\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Tipik ticari saman ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, di\u015fler sezon ba\u015f\u0131na u\u00e7tan i\u00e7e do\u011fru 3-7 mm a\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. \u015eu durumlarda de\u011fi\u015ftirme gereklidir: etkili di\u015f uzunlu\u011fu, tekerlek \u00e7er\u00e7evesini tekerlek g\u00f6be\u011finin zemin seviyesine yakla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olacak bir konuma indirmeden do\u011fru u\u00e7-zemin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z noktaya kadar k\u0131salm\u0131\u015fsa; di\u015f u\u00e7lar\u0131nda yorgunluk k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan mantarla\u015fma veya \u00e7atlamalar varsa; veya do\u011fru y\u00fckseklik ayar\u0131na ra\u011fmen artan \u00fcr\u00fcn kayb\u0131 (t\u0131rm\u0131klanmam\u0131\u015f \u015feritler) fark ederseniz. \u00c7o\u011fu ticari i\u015fletme, y\u00fcksek kullan\u0131ml\u0131 t\u0131rm\u0131klarda di\u015fleri her 2-4 sezonda bir de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Dengeli bir s\u00fcp\u00fcrme sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in di\u015fleri her zaman tekerlek ba\u015f\u0131na komple setler halinde de\u011fi\u015ftirin; ayn\u0131 tekerlekte eski ve yeni di\u015fleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, r\u00fczgar s\u0131ras\u0131 tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bozan d\u00fczensiz s\u00fcp\u00fcrme y\u00fcksekli\u011fi olu\u015fturur.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n \nHer ge\u00e7i\u015fte t\u0131rm\u0131klama i\u015flemini tek geni\u015f bir s\u0131ra halinde mi yoksa iki dar s\u0131ra halinde mi yapmak daha iyidir?+<\/span><\/summary>\nKarar, balya makinenize ve kurutma gereksinimlerinize ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Tek geni\u015f bir s\u0131ra, balya makinesinin her ge\u00e7i\u015finde daha fazla hacim sa\u011flayarak verimlili\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131r, ancak y\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan yal\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ekirde\u011finde daha yava\u015f kurur. \u0130ki dar s\u0131ra daha h\u0131zl\u0131 kurur ancak iki balya makinesi ge\u00e7i\u015fi gerektirir. Optimum s\u0131ra boyutu, balya makinesinin tam h\u0131zda ta\u015fma veya t\u0131kanma olmadan alabilece\u011fi en geni\u015f boyuttur - genellikle balya makinesinin nominal alma geni\u015fli\u011finin 1,2 ila 1,4 kat\u0131. S\u0131ran\u0131z d\u00fczenli olarak bu geni\u015fli\u011fi a\u015farsa ve balya makinesi s\u0131ran\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yava\u015flarsa veya t\u0131kan\u0131rsa, ge\u00e7i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na iki s\u0131raya b\u00f6l\u00fcn. S\u0131ra balya makinesinin kapasitesi dahilindeyse ve kurutma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131z program\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlam\u0131yorsa, daha geni\u015f tek bir s\u0131ra daha verimlidir.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n |